chapter 6
This excerpt from an Arabic language guide focuses on shopping vocabulary and phrases. It introduces various types of stores (dakaakiin), including specialty shops and larger department stores (dukkaan kabiir), and common questions asked by store clerks (khaadim/khaadima ad-dukkaan). The text then covers how to ask for assistance (musaa’ada) and navigate within stores using directions (tawjiihaat) and demonstrative words like "this" and "that." Finally, it provides vocabulary and grammatical structures for comparing merchandise using comparative and superlative adjectives, and lists essential clothing (malaabis) items, their sizes (al-Hajem), and common colors (‘alwaan), explaining gender agreement for colors.
Notes
Going to the Store
When you want to buy something, you go to the dukkaan [دكان] (doo-kan; store). Depending on what you need, you can choose from various types of dakaakiin [دكاكين] (dah-kah-keen; stores). Some specialty stores mentioned include:
makhbaza [مخبزة] (mak-bah-zah; bakery)
maktaba [مكتبة] (mak-tah-bah; bookstore/library)
dukkaan al-malaabis [دكان الملابس] (doo-kan al-mah-lah-bees; clothing store)
dukkaan al-iliktroniyaat [دكان الإلكترونيات] (doo-kan al-ee-leek-troo-nee-yat; electronics store)
dukkaan al-Halawiyyaat [دكان الحلويات] (doo-kan al-hah-lah-wee-yat; pastry shop)
dukkaan al-baqqaal [دكان البقال] (doo-kan al-bah-kal; grocery store)
dukkaan as-samak [دكان السمك] (doo-kan ah-sah-mak; fish store)
jawharii [جوهري] (jaw-hah-ree; jeweler)
Other dakaakiin [دكاكين] provide services. Examples include:
maktab as-siyaaHa [مكتب السياحة] (mak-tab ah-see-yah-hah; travel agency)
Hallaaq [حلاق] (hah-lak; barber/hairdresser)
dukkaan al-jamal [دكان الجمال] (doo-kan al-jah-mal; beauty parlor)
If you need to shop for a wide variety of items, your destination would be the dukkaan kabiir [دكان كبير] (doo-kan kah-beer; department store/mall), where you can find almost anything.
Browsing the Merchandise
Sometimes you just want to browse. A store clerk, either a male khaadim ad-dukkaan [خادم الدكان] (kah-deem ah-doo-kan) or a female khaadima ad-dukkaan [خادمة الدكان] (kah-dee-mah ah-doo-kan), might ask if you need help. Here are some phrases they might use:
hal yumkin ‘an ‘usaa’iduka? [هل يمكن أن أساعدك؟] (hal yoom-keen an oo-sah-ee-doo-kah?; May I help you?) (M)
hal yumkin ‘an ‘usaa’iduki? [هل يمكن أن أساعدكِ؟] (hal yoom-keen an oo-sah-ee-doo-kee?; May I help you?) (F)
hal turiidu shay’ khaaS? [هل تريد شيء خاص؟] (hal too-ree-doo shay kas?; Are you looking for anything in particular?) (M)
hal turiidiina shay’ khaaS? [هل تريدين شيء خاص؟] (hal too-ree-dee-nah shay kas?; Are you looking for anything in particular?) (F)
If you need musaa’ada [مساعدة] (moo-sah-ah-dah; help/assistance), you can respond by saying na’am [نعم] (nah-am; yes). If you prefer to continue browsing, you can say laa shukran [لا شكراً] (lah shook-ran; no thank you).
Getting Around the Store
If you need tawjiihaat [توجيهات] (taw-jee-hat; directions) within the store, you can go to the maktab al-’i’laamaat [مكتب الإعلامات] (mak-tab al-eeh-lah-mat; information desk) to get your ‘as’ila [أسئلة] (ass-ee-lah; questions) answered. Here are some example questions you can use:
hal yumkin ‘an tusaa’idunii? [هل يمكن أن تساعدني؟] (hal yoom-keen an too-sah-ee-doo-nee; Is it possible for you to help me?)
‘ayna aT-Tabiq al-’awwal? [أين الطبق الأول؟] (ay-nah ah-tah-beek al-ah-wal; Where is the first floor?)
‘ayna al-miS’ad? [أين المصعد؟] (ay-nah al-mees-ad; Where is the elevator?)
hal hunaaka miS’ad ‘ilaa aT-Tabaq al-khaamis? [هل هناك مصعد إلى الطبق الخامس؟] (hal hoo-nah-kah mees-ad ee-lah ah-tah-bak al-kah-mees? Is there an elevator to the fifth floor?)
‘ayna maHall al-malaabis? [أين محل الملابس؟] (ay-nah mah-hal al-mah-lah-bees; Where is the section for clothes?)
fii ‘ay Tabaq al-jawharii? [في أي طبق الجوهري؟] (fee ay tah-baq al-jaw-hah-ree; On which floor is the jeweler located?)
hal hunaaka makhbaza fii ad-dukkaan al-kabiir? [هل هناك مخبزة في الدكان الكبير؟] (hal hoo-nah-kah mak-bah-zah fee ah-doo-kan al-kah-beer; Is there a bakery in the mall?)
Some useful words related to store navigation include:
yabHathu [يبحث] (yab-hah-thoo; searching)
maHall [محل] (mah-hal; section)
Tabiq [طبق] (tah-beek; floor)
miS’ad [مصعد] (mees-ad; elevator)
yamiin [يمين] (yah-meen; right)
yaSaar [يسار] (yah-sar; left)
daakhil [داخل] (dah-keel; inside)
khaarij [خارج] (kah-reej; outside)
There are also terms for "your right" and "your left" depending on gender:
yamiinuki [يمينكِ] (yah-mee-noo-kee; your right (F))
yamiinuka [يمينكَ] (yah-mee-noo-kah; your right (M))
yaSaaruki [يساركِ] (yah-sah-roo-kee; your left (F))
yaSaaruka [يساركَ] (yah-sah-roo-kah; your left (M))
Asking for a Particular Item
When asking for a specific item, you'll likely use demonstrative words like "this" or "that". These specify particular items. Here are common Arabic demonstratives:
haadhaa [هذا] (hah-zah; this (MS))
haadhihi [هذه] (hah-zee-hee; this (FS))
dhaalika [ذلك] (zah-lee-kah; that (MS))
Tilka [تلك] (teel-kah; that (FS))
haa’ulaa’ii [هؤلاء] (hah-oo-lah-ee; these (gender neutral))
‘ulaa’ika [أولئك] (oo-lah-ee-kah; those (gender neutral))
In a sentence, the demonstrative word is always placed before the object being pointed to (often a noun). The noun must also be defined using the definite article prefix al-.
Here is an example conversation illustrating demonstratives:
Omar: hal ‘indakum jakiiTaat? [هل عندكم جاكيتات؟] (hal een-dah-koom jah-kee-tat? Do you have jackets?)
Salesperson: na’am. ‘indanaa ‘anwaa’ kathiira min aj-jakiiTaat. ‘an ‘ay naw’ tabHathu? [نعم. عندنا أنواع كثيرة من الجاكيتات. عن أي نوع تبحث؟] (nah-am. een-dah-nah an-wah kah-thee-rah meen ah-jah-kee-tat. an ay nah-weh tab-hah-thoo? Yes. We have many different kinds of jackets. Which kind are you looking for?)
Omar: ‘uriidu jakiiTa bi aj-jald [أريد جاكيت بجلد]. (oo-ree-doo jah-kee-tah bee ah-jah-led. I want a leather jacket.)
Salesperson: Tayyib. ‘itba’nii min faDlik [طيب. اتبعني من فضلك]. (tah-yeeb. eet-bah-nee meen fad-leek. Okay. Follow me please.)
Salesperson: ‘ulaa’ika kul aj-jakiiTaat ‘indanaa [أولئك كل الجاكيتات عندنا]. (oo-lah-ee-kah kool ah-jah-kee-tat een-dah-nah. Those are all the jackets we have.)
Omar: ‘uHibbu haa’ulaa’ii aj-jakiiTaat [أحب هؤلاء الجاكيتات]. (oo-hee-boo hah-oo-lah-ee ah-jah-kee-tat. I like these jackets.)
Salesperson: ‘anaa muwaafiq. ‘innahaa jamiila jiddan [أنا موافق. إنها جميلة جداً]. (ah-nah moo-wah-feek. ee-nah-hah jah-mee-lah jee-dan. I agree. They are very beautiful.)
Omar: ‘uriidu ‘an ‘ujarrib haadhihi [أريد أن أجرب هذه]. (oo-ree-doo an oo-jah-reeb hah-zee-hee. I would like to try on this one.)
Salesperson: fawran. hal turiidu lawn khaaS? [فوراً. هل تريد لون خاص؟] (faw-ran. hal too-ree-doo lah-wen kass? Right away. Are you looking for any particular color?)
Omar: ‘uriidu dhaalika al-lawn [أريد ذلك اللون]. (oo-ree-doo zah-lee-kah ah-lah-wen. I want that color.)
Some relevant vocabulary from this section includes:
naw’ [نوع] (nah-weh; type/kind)
yatba’u [يتبع] (yat-bah-oo; following)
‘itba’ [اتبع] (eet-bah; follow (imperative))
‘itba’nii [اتبعني] (eet-bah-nee; follow me)
muwaafiq [موافق] (moo-wah-feek; agree)
jamiil [جميل] (jah-meel; beautiful (M))
jamiila [جميلة] (jah-mee-lah; beautiful (F))
‘ujarrib [أجرب] (oo-jah-reeb; to try (I/me))
lawn [لون] (lah-wen; color)
khaaS [خاص] (kass; particular (M))
khaaSSa [خاصة] (kah-sah; particular (F))
Comparing Merchandise
To compare two or more items, you use adjectives and their comparative forms. Here are some common adjectives and their translations:
Kabiir [كبير] (kah-beer; big)
Saghiir [صغير] (sah-gheer; small)
Hasan [حسن] (hah-san; good)
suu’ [سوء] (sooh; bad)
rakhiiS [رخيص] (rah-kees; cheap)
ghalii [غالي] (ghah-lee; expensive)
sarii’ [سريع] (sah-reeh; fast)
baTii’ [بطيء] (bah-teeh; slow)
thaqiil [ثقيل] (tah-keel; heavy)
khafiif [خفيف] (kah-feef; light)
jamiil [جميل] (jah-meel; pretty)
bashii’ [بشع] (bah-sheeh; ugly)
ba’iid [بعيد] (bah-eed; far)
qariib [قريب] (qah-reeb; near)
jadiid [جديد] (jah-deed; new)
qadiim [قديم] (qah-deem; old)
Here are the comparative forms of these adjectives and their translations:
‘akbar [أكبر] (ak-bar; bigger)
‘aSghar [أصغر] (ass-ghar; smaller)
‘aHsan [أحسن] (ah-san; better)
‘aswa’ [أسوأ] (as-wah; worse)
‘arkhas [أرخص] (ar-kas; cheaper)
‘aghlaa [أغلى] (ag-lah; more expensive)
‘asra’ [أسرع] (ass-rah; faster)
‘abTa’ [أبطأ] (ab-tah; slower)
‘athqal [أثقل] (at-kal; heavier)
‘akhfaa [أخفى] (ak-fah; lighter)
‘ajmal [أجمل] (aj-mal; prettier)
‘absha’ [أبشع] (ab-shah; uglier)
‘ab’ad [أبعد] (ab-ad; farther)
‘aqrab [أقرب] (ak-rab; nearer)
‘ajadd [أجد] (ah-jad; newer)
‘aqdam [أقدم] (ak-dam; older)
Comparative sentences follow the pattern: noun + adjective comparative form + preposition min [من] (meen; than) + second noun. It is essential to include the preposition min [من] immediately after the comparative adjective. Both nouns being compared must be defined by attaching the definite article prefix al-.
Here are some common examples of comparative sentences:
al-bint ‘akbar min al-walad [البنت أكبر من الولد]. (al-bee-net ak-bar meen al-wah-lad; The girl is bigger than the boy.)
at-tilifizyuun ‘aghlaa min al-midyaa’ [التلفزيون أغلى من المذياع]. (ah-tee-lee-fee-zee-yoon ag-lah meen al-meed-yah; The television is more expensive than the radio.)
as-sayyaara ‘asra’ min as-shaaHina [السيارة أسرع من الشاحنة]. (ah-sah-yah-rah as-rah meen ah-shah-hee-nah; The car is faster than the bus.)
aj-jakiiTa ‘arkhas min al-qamiis [الجاكيت أرخص من القميص]. (ah-jah-kee-tah ar-kas meen al-qah-mees; The jacket is cheaper than the shirt.)
You can also add demonstratives to be more specific. Examples include:
haadhihi al-bint ‘akbar min dhaalika al-walad [هذه البنت أكبر من ذلك الولد]. (hah-zee-hee al-bee-net ak-bar meen zah-lee-kah al-wah-lad; This girl is bigger than that boy.)
haadhihi as-sayyaaraat ‘asra’ min ‘tilka as-shaahinaat [هذه السيارات أسرع من تلك الشاحنات]. (hah-zee-hee ah-sah-yah-rat as-rah meen teel-kah ah-shah-hee-nat; These cars are faster than those buses.)
tilka al-‘imra’a ‘ajmal min dhaalika ar-rajul [تلك الإمرأة أجمل من ذلك الرجل]. (teel-kah al-eem-rah-ah aj-mal meen zah-lee-kah ah-rah-jool; That woman is prettier than that man.)
haadhaa al-walad ‘akbar min ‘ulaa’ika al-banaat [هذا الولد أكبر من أولئك البنات]. (hah-zah al-wah-lad ak-bar meen oo-lah-ee-kah al-bah-nat; This boy is bigger than those girls.)
The adjective comparative form remains constant regardless of whether the nouns are singular or plural, or masculine or feminine.
Picking Out the Best Item
To say something is the "best," "fastest," "cheapest," etc., you use a superlative. In Arabic, the superlative form of an adjective is the same as its comparative form. The only difference is that comparatives use the preposition min [من] (than), while superlatives do not include any preposition. For example, to say, "This is the biggest house," you say haadhaa ‘akbar manzil [هذا أكبر منزل] (hah-zah ak-bar man-zeel).
The biggest differences between superlatives and comparatives are:
The superlative adjective always comes before the noun.
When expressing a superlative using this structure, the noun is always undefined.
Here are some examples of superlative sentences using this structure:
haadhihi ‘ajmal bint [هذه أجمل بنت]. (hah-zee-hee aj-mal bee-net; This is the prettiest girl.)
dhaalika ‘ab’ad dukkaan [ذلك أبعد دكان]. (zah-lee-kah ab-ad doo-kan; That is the farthest store.)
Alternatively, you can construct a superlative sentence by switching the word order to demonstrative + defined noun + superlative adjective. If you use this order, be sure to define the noun (using 'al-'). Examples using this structure:
haadhihi al-bint ‘ajmal [هذه البنت أجمل]. (hah-zee-hee al-bee-net aj-mal; This girl is the prettiest.)
dhaalika ad-dukkaan ‘ab’ad [ذلك الدكان أبعد]. (zah-lee-kah ah-doo-kan ab-ad; That store is the farthest.)
Here is a conversation example using comparatives and superlatives when shopping for the best option:
Salesman: SabaaH an-nuur wa marHaba ‘ilaa ad-dukkaan al-iliktroniyaat [صباح النور ومرحباً إلى الدكان الإلكترونيات]. (Sah-bah ah-noor wah mar-hah-bah ee-lah ah-doo-kan al-ee-leek-troo-nee-yat. Good morning and welcome to the electronics store.)
Adam: shukran. ‘anaa ‘abHathu ‘an muSawwira [شكراً. أنا أبحث عن مصوّرة]. (shook-ran. ah-nah ab-hah-thoo an moo-sah-wee-rah. Thank you. I am looking for a camera.)
Salesman: hal tabHathu ‘an naw’ mu’ayyin? [هل تبحث عن نوع معيّن؟] (hal tab-hah-thoo an nah-weh moo-ah-yeen? Are you looking for a particular model?)
Adam: ‘abHath ‘an ‘aHsan muSawwira [أبحث عن أحسن مصوّرة]. (ab-hath an ah-san moo-sah-wee-rah. I’m looking for the best camera.)
Salesman: Tayyib. ‘indanaa haadhaa an-naw’ bi alwaan mutaghayyira [طيب. عندنا هذا النوع بألوان متغيّرة]. (Tah-yeeb. een-dah-nah hah-zah ah-nah-weh bee al-wan moo-tah-ghah-yee-rah. Okay. We have this model with different colors.)
Adam: hal ‘indakum naw’ ‘aakhar? [هل عندكم نوع آخر؟] (hal een-dah-koom nah-weh ah-kar? Do you have another model?)
Salesman: na’am. haadhaa an-naw’ ath-thaanii mashhuur ma’a az-zabaa’in [نعم. هذا النوع الثاني مشهور مع الزبائن]. (nah-am. hah-zah ah-nah-weh ah-thah-nee mash-hoor mah-ah ah-zah-bah-een. Yes. This second model is popular with customers.)
Adam: ‘ay naw’ ‘aHsan? [أي نوع أحسن؟] (ay nah-weh ah-san? Which is the best model?)
Salesman: an-naw’ ath-thaanii ‘aHsan min an-naw’ al-awwal [النوع الثاني أحسن من النوع الأول]. (ah-nah-weh ah-thah-nee ah-san meen ah-nah-weh al-ah-wal. The second model is better than the first model.)
Adam: ‘uriidu ‘an ‘ashtarii an-naw’ ath-thaanii min faDlik [أريد أن أشتري النوع الثاني من فضلك]. (oo-ree-doo an ash-tah-ree ah-nah-weh ah-thah-nee meen fad-leek. I’d like to buy the second model please.)
Salesman: ‘ikhtiyaar mumtaaz! [اختيار ممتاز!] (eek-tee-yar moom-taz! Excellent selection!)
Additional vocabulary from this section includes:
mu’ayyin [معيّن] (moo-ah-yeen; particular (M))
mu’ayyina [معيّنة] (moo-ah-yee-nah; particular (F))
mutaghayyir [متغيّر] (moo-tah-ghah-yeer; different (M))
mutaghayyira [متغيّرة] (moo-tah-ghah-yee-rah; different (F))
zabaa’in [زبائن] (zah-bah-een; customers)
‘ikhtiyaar [اختيار] (eek-tee-yar; selection (M))
‘ikthiyaara [اختيارة] (eek-tee-yah-rah; selection (F))
Shopping for Clothes
One essential item to shop for is malaabis [ملابس] (mah-lah-bees; clothes). Here are some basic articles of clothing and accessories:
sirwaal [سروال] (seer-wal; pants (S))
saraawiil [سراويل] (sah-rah-weel; pants (P))
qamiis [قميص] (qah-mees; shirt)
‘aqmisa [أقمصة] (ak-mee-sah; shirts)
mi’Taf [معطف] (meeh-taf; coat)
ma’aaTif [معاطف] (mah-ah-teef; coats)
kaswa [كسوة] (kass-wah; dress)
‘aksiwa [أكسوة] (ak-see-wah; dresses)
jallaaba [جلابة] (jah-lah-bah; Arab dress)
jallaabaat [جلابات] (jah-lah-bat; Arab dresses)
Hizaam [حزام] (hee-zam; belt)
‘aHzima [أحزمة] (ah-zee-mah; belts)
qubba’a [قبعة] (koo-bah-ah; hat)
qubba’aat [قبعات] (koo-bah-at; hats)
jawrab [جورب] (jaw-rab; sock)
jawaarib [جوارب] (jah-wah-reeb; socks)
Hidaa’ [حذاء] (hee-dah; shoe)
‘aHdiya [أحذية] (ah-dee-yah; shoes)
khaatim [خاتم] (kah-teem; ring)
saa’a [ساعة] (sah-ah; watch)
An important consideration is al-Hajem [الحجم] (al-hah-jem; size). The four standard clothes sizes are:
Saghiir [صغير] (sah-gheer; small) (American size [Men’s]: 34–36; American size [Women’s]: 6–8)
waSat [وسط] (wah-sat; medium) (American size [Men’s]: 38–40; American size [Women’s]: 10–12)
kabiir [كبير] (kah-beer; large) (American size [Men’s]: 42–44; American size [Women’s]: 14–16)
zaa’id kabiir [زائد كبير] (zah-eed kah-beer; extra large) (American size [Men’s]: 46 and above; American size [Women’s]: 18–20)
Another key aspect is lawn [لون] (lah-wen; color). Colors (‘alwaan [ألوان] (al-wan)) are adjectives that describe nouns, so a color must agree with the noun's gender. You can often tell if a noun is feminine because it ends with a fatHa [فتحة], or the "ah" sound, in about 80 percent of cases. For other nouns, you may need to look up the word in a qaamuus [قاموس] (qah-moos; dictionary) to determine its gender.
Here are the masculine and feminine forms of some common colors:
White: ‘abyaD [أبيض] (ab-yad) (M), bayDaa’ [بيضاء] (bay-dah) (F)
Black: ‘aswad [أسود] (ass-wad) (M), sawdaa’ [سوداء] (saw-dah) (F)
Red: ‘aHmar [أحمر] (ah-mar) (M), Hamraa’ [حمراء] (ham-rah) (F)
Green: ‘akhDar [أخضر] (ak-dar) (M), khaDraa’ [خضراء] (kad-rah) (F)
Blue: ‘azraq [أزرق] (az-rak) (M), zarqaa’ [زرقاء] (zar-qah) (F)
Yellow: ‘aSfar [أصفر] (ass-far) (M), Safraa’ [صفراء] (saf-rah) (F)
| **English** | **Standard Arabic** | **Transliteration** |
|----------------------|---------------------|------------------------------|
| 1. **Computer** | حاسوب | *Ḥāsūb* |
| 2. **Internet** | إنترنت | *Internet* |
| 3. **Love** | حب | *Ḥubb* |
| 4. **Peace** | سلام | *Salām* |
| 5. **Doctor** | طبيب | *Ṭabīb* |
| 6. **Engineer** | مهندس | *Muhandis* |
| 7. **Teacher** | معلم | *Muʿallim* |
| 8. **Student** | طالب | *Ṭālib* |
| 9. **Shirt** | قميص | *Qamīṣ* |
| 10. **Shoes** | أحذية | *Aḥdhiya* |
| 11. **Tree** | شجرة | *Shajara* |
| 12. **Flower** | زهرة | *Zahra* |
| 13. **Cloud** | سحابة | *Saḥāba* |
| 14. **Wind** | رياح | *Rīāḥ* |
| 15. **Music** | موسيقى | *Mūsīqā* |
| 16. **Art** | فن | *Fann* |
| 17. **Time** | وقت | *Waqt* |
| 18. **Money** | مال | *Māl* |
| 19. **Health** | صحة | *Ṣiḥḥa* |
| 20. **Knowledge** | معرفة | *Maʿrifa* |
| 21. **Problem** | مشكلة | *Mushkila* |
| 22. **Solution** | حل | *Ḥall* |
| 23. **Hospital** | مستشفى | *Mustashfá* |
| 24. **Airport** | مطار | *Maṭār* |
| 25. **Road** | طريق | *Ṭarīq* |
| 26. **Bridge** | جسر | *Jisr* |
| 27. **Light** | ضوء | *Ḍawʾ* |
| 28. **Dark** | ظلام | *Ẓalām* |
| 29. **City** | مدينة | *Madīna* |
| 30. **Village** | قرية | *Qarya* |
* English: I need to buy some groceries.
Arabic: أحتاج أن أشتري بعض البقالة.
Transliteration: Ahtaju an ashtariya ba'da al-baqala.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Ahtaju [I need] an [that/to] ashtariya [I buy] ba'da [some (part of)] al-baqala [the groceries (genitive)].
* English: She likes to listen to podcasts.
Arabic: تحب أن تستمع إلى المدونات الصوتية.
Transliteration: Tuhibbu an tastami'a ila al-mudawwanat as-sawtiyya.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Tuhibbu [she likes/loves] an [that/to] tastami'a [she listens] ila [to] al-mudawwanat [the blogs/podcasts (plural genitive)] as-sawtiyya [the audio (feminine plural)].
* English: He is planning a trip for next month.
Arabic: هو يخطط لرحلة للشهر القادم.
Transliteration: Huwa yukhattitu li-rihlatin li-ash-shahri al-qadim.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Huwa [he] yukhattitu [he plans] li-rihlatin [for a trip (feminine genitive)] li-ash-shahri [for the month (genitive)] al-qadim [the next (masculine)].
* English: We are going to visit our friends this weekend.
Arabic: سنزور أصدقاءنا في نهاية هذا الأسبوع.
Transliteration: Sa-nazuru asdiqa'ana fi nihayati hatha al-usbu'.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Sa-nazuru [we will visit] asdiqa'ana [our friends (accusative)] fi [in] nihayati [the end of] hatha [this (masculine)] al-usbu' [the week].
* English: They are learning how to play a new instrument.
Arabic: هم يتعلمون كيف يعزفون على آلة جديدة.
Transliteration: Hum yata'allamuna kayfa ya'zifuna 'ala alatin jadida.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Hum [they (masculine plural)] yata'allamuna [they (masculine plural) learn] kayfa [how] ya'zifuna [they (masculine plural) play (instrument)] 'ala [on] alatin [an instrument (feminine genitive)] jadida [new (feminine)].
* English: The new restaurant in town is very popular.
Arabic: المطعم الجديد في المدينة مشهور جداً.
Transliteration: Al-mat'amu al-jadeedu fi al-madinati mashhurun jiddan.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Al-mat'amu [the restaurant (nominative)] al-jadeedu [the new (masculine)] fi [in] al-madinati [the city (genitive)] mashhurun [famous/popular (masculine nominative)] jiddan [very].
* English: The weather forecast for tomorrow is sunny.
Arabic: توقعات الطقس ليوم غد مشمسة.
Transliteration: Tawaqqu'atu at-taqsi li-yawmi ghadin mushmisa.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Tawaqqu'atu [forecasts of] at-taqsi [the weather (genitive)] li-yawmi [for the day of] ghadin [tomorrow (genitive)] mushmisa [sunny (feminine)].
* English: The traffic on the highway was very heavy.
Arabic: كانت حركة المرور على الطريق السريع كثيفة جداً.
Transliteration: Kanat harakatu al-mururi 'ala at-tareeq as-saree' katheefa jiddan.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Kanat [was] harakatu [movement of] al-mururi [the traffic (genitive)] 'ala [on] at-tareeq [the road] as-saree' [the fast/highway (masculine)] katheefa [dense/heavy (feminine)] jiddan [very].
* English: The prices of fruits and vegetables are increasing.
Arabic: أسعار الفواكه والخضروات في ازدياد.
Transliteration: As'aru al-fawakihi wa al-khudarawati fi izdiyad.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): As'aru [prices of] al-fawakihi [the fruits (plural genitive)] wa [and] al-khudarawati [the vegetables (plural genitive)] fi [in] izdiyad [increase].
* English: The quality of the products has improved significantly.
Arabic: تحسنت جودة المنتجات بشكل ملحوظ.
Transliteration: Tahassanat jawdatu al-muntajati bi-shaklin malhooth.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Tahassanat [improved (feminine)] jawdatu [quality of] al-muntajati [the products (plural genitive)] bi-shaklin [in a manner/way] malhooth [noticeable/significant].
* English: I am trying to eat healthier food.
Arabic: أحاول أن آكل طعاماً صحياً أكثر.
Transliteration: Uhawilu an akula ta'aman sihhian akthar.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Uhawilu [I try] an [that/to] akula [I eat] ta'aman [food (accusative)] sihhian [healthy (masculine accusative)] akthar [more].
* English: She is looking for a new job opportunity.
Arabic: هي تبحث عن فرصة عمل جديدة.
Transliteration: Hiya tabhathu 'an fursati 'amalin jadida.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Hiya [she] tabhathu [she searches] 'an [for] fursati [an opportunity (feminine genitive)] 'amalin [of work] jadida [new (feminine)].
* English: He is saving money to buy a house.
Arabic: هو يوفر المال ليشتري بيتاً.
Transliteration: Huwa yuwaffiru al-mala li-yashtariya baytan.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Huwa [he] yuwaffiru [he saves] al-mala [the money (accusative)] li-yashtariya [in order to buy] baytan [a house (masculine accusative)].
* English: We are planning to have a picnic in the park.
Arabic: نحن نخطط لإقامة نزهة في الحديقة.
Transliteration: Nahnu nukhattitu li-iqamati nuzhatin fi al-hadeeqa.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Nahnu [we] nukhattitu [we plan] li-iqamati [for establishing/having] nuzhatin [a picnic (feminine genitive)] fi [in] al-hadeeqa [the garden/park].
* English: They are considering moving to a different city.
Arabic: هم يفكرون في الانتقال إلى مدينة أخرى.
Transliteration: Hum yufakkaruna fi al-intiqali ila madinatin ukhra.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Hum [they (masculine plural)] yufakkaruna [they (masculine plural) think] fi [in/about] al-intiqali [the moving/transferring] ila [to] madinatin [a city (feminine genitive)] ukhra [another (feminine)].
* English: The movie we watched last night was very scary.
Arabic: الفيلم الذي شاهدناه الليلة الماضية كان مخيفاً جداً.
Transliteration: Al-filmu alladhi shahadnahu al-laylata al-madiya kana mukheefan jiddan.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Al-filmu [the movie (nominative)] alladhi [which] shahadnahu [we watched it] al-laylata [the night (accusative)/tonight] al-madiya [the past (feminine)] kana [was] mukheefan [scary (masculine accusative)] jiddan [very].
* English: The song she is listening to is very beautiful.
Arabic: الأغنية التي تستمع إليها جميلة جداً.
Transliteration: Al-ughniyyatu allati tastami'u ilayha jamila jiddan.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Al-ughniyyatu [the song (feminine nominative)] allati [which] tastami'u [she listens] ilayha [to it (feminine)] jamila [beautiful (feminine)] jiddan [very].
* English: The book he is reading is about science fiction.
Arabic: الكتاب الذي يقرأه عن الخيال العلمي.
Transliteration: Al-kitabu alladhi yaqra'uhu 'an al-khayali al-'ilmi.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Al-kitabu [the book (masculine nominative)] alladhi [which] yaqra'uhu [he reads it] 'an [about] al-khayali [the imagination/fiction] al-'ilmi [the scientific (masculine)].
* English: The language they are learning is quite challenging.
Arabic: اللغة التي يتعلمونها صعبة جداً.
Transliteration: Al-lughatu allati yata'allamunaha sa'ba jiddan.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Al-lughatu [the language (feminine nominative)] allati [which] yata'allamunaha [they (masculine plural) learn it] sa'ba [difficult (feminine)] jiddan [very].
* English: The problem we are trying to solve is very complex.
Arabic: المشكلة التي نحاول حلها معقدة جداً.
Transliteration: Al-mushkilatu allati nuhawilu hallaha mu'aqqada jiddan.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Al-mushkilatu [the problem (feminine nominative)] allati [which] nuhawilu [we try] hallaha [its solution/to solve it] mu'aqqada [complex (feminine)] jiddan [very].
* English: I am really looking forward to the weekend.
Arabic: أتطلع حقاً إلى نهاية الأسبوع.
Transliteration: Atatalla'u haqqan ila nihayati al-usbu'.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Atatalla'u [I look forward] haqqan [truly/really] ila [to] nihayati [the end of] al-usbu' [the week].
* English: She is very excited about her upcoming vacation.
Arabic: هي متحمسة جداً بشأن إجازتها القادمة.
Transliteration: Hiya mutahammisa jiddan bi-sha'ni ijazatiha al-qadima.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Hiya [she] mutahammisa [excited (feminine)] jiddan [very] bi-sha'ni [regarding/about] ijazatiha [her vacation] al-qadima [the upcoming (feminine)].
* English: He is quite nervous about the job interview.
Arabic: هو قلق جداً بشأن مقابلة العمل.
Transliteration: Huwa qaliq jiddan bi-sha'ni muqabalati al-'amal.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Huwa [he] qaliq [worried/nervous (masculine)] jiddan [very] bi-sha'ni [regarding/about] muqabalati [interview of] al-'amal [the work].
* English: We are very happy to hear your good news.
Arabic: نحن سعداء جداً لسماع أخبارك الجيدة.
Transliteration: Nahnu su'ada' jiddan li-sima'i akhbarika al-jayyida.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Nahnu [we] su'ada' [happy (plural)] jiddan [very] li-sima'i [for hearing] akhbarika [your (masculine) news (plural)] al-jayyida [the good (feminine plural)].
* English: They are very proud of their children's achievements.
Arabic: هم فخورون جداً بإنجازات أطفالهم.
Transliteration: Hum fakhoruna jiddan bi-injazati atfalihim.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Hum [they (masculine plural)] fakhoruna [proud (masculine plural)] jiddan [very] bi-injazati [with achievements of] atfalihim [their children].
* English: I am trying to learn a new recipe for dinner.
Arabic: أحاول أن أتعلم وصفة جديدة للعشاء.
Transliteration: Uhawilu an ata'allama wasfatan jadidatan lil-'asha'.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Uhawilu [I try] an [that/to] ata'allama [I learn] wasfatan [a recipe (feminine accusative)] jadidatan [new (feminine accusative)] lil-'asha' [for the dinner].
* English: She is interested in studying art history.
Arabic: هي مهتمة بدراسة تاريخ الفن.
Transliteration: Hiya muhtamma bi-dirasati tarikh al-fann.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Hiya [she] muhtamma [interested (feminine)] bi-dirasati [in studying] tarikh [history of] al-fann [the art].
* English: He is very passionate about playing music.
Arabic: هو شغوف جداً بعزف الموسيقى.
Transliteration: Huwa shaghufoon jiddan bi-'azfi al-musiqa.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Huwa [he] shaghufoon [passionate (masculine)] jiddan [very] bi-'azfi [with playing (instrument)] al-musiqa [the music].
* English: We are very excited about our upcoming trip abroad.
Arabic: نحن متحمسون جداً بشأن رحلتنا القادمة إلى الخارج.
Transliteration: Nahnu mutahammisuna jiddan bi-sha'ni rihlatina al-qadima ila al-kharij.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Nahnu [we] mutahammisuna [excited (plural)] jiddan [very] bi-sha'ni [regarding/about] rihlatina [our trip] al-qadima [the upcoming (feminine)] ila [to] al-kharij [the outside/abroad].
* English: They are very dedicated to their work and their team.
Arabic: هم ملتزمون جداً بعملهم وفريقهم.
Transliteration: Hum multazimuna jiddan bi-'amalihim wa fareeqihim.
Arabic Transliteration (with English word meaning): Hum [they (masculine plural)] multazimuna [committed/dedicated (plural)] jiddan [very] bi-'amalihim [with their work] wa [and] fareeqihim [their team].
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